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高中英语重难点梳理,帮助基础差的同学高效提分!

2021年03月24日 浏览:

关于英语的学习,林语堂曾经说过,很多学生喜欢把遇见的生词、难词单独从文章中摘出来,认为多读几遍、写几遍记住就行了。但是这样很容易忘记已经记住的单词。学英语时不要只记忆单个单词,还要将单词使用的场景记忆下来,有利于长期记忆。所以3500词是必背内容,除此之外,重难点语法也要牢牢掌握。

一、主谓一致常考难题

1、一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式:glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。

2、如果主语用a kind of,a pair of,a series of等加名词构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:A pair of shoes was on the desk.

3、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。例如:Truth and honesty is the best policy.

4、当主语后面跟有as well as,as much as,no less than,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如:The teacher as well as the students was excited.

5、A(great)number of修饰可数复数名词,谓语动词用复数;a great deal of,a large amount of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

6、关系代词who,that,which等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。例如:Those who want to go please sign your names here.

7、季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称,球类、棋类名词名称前一般不加冠词。1/2 one(a)half 1/4 one(a)quarter

二、形容词的顺序

1、限定词+数量形容词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国藉+材料

2、某些以a-开首的形容词例如:afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake,alive等只能作表语,不能作定语。

3、某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词:friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,likely,deadly,silly,orderly,timely等。

三、比较级,最高级

1、表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构表示:This room is less beautiful than that one.

2、表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如:even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far,yet,by far等修饰,例如:He works even harder than before.

限有网公技东司西学f067慧518c途件-软科升学广优元 3、by far通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面,如放在前面,应在二者中间加“the”。例如:He is taller by far than his brother.

4、某些以-or结尾的形容词进行比较时,用to代替than。superior,junior,senior等。例如:He is superior to Mr.Wang in mathematics.

5、在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that(Those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。

that指物,one既可指人,也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词。例如:The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.

6、表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:

A is three(four,etc.)times the size(height,length,width,etc)of B.例如:The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。[高三倍]

A is three(four,etc.)times as big(high,long,wide,etc.)as B.例如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。

A is three(four,etc.)times bigger(higher,longer,wider)than B.例如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

表示两倍可以用twice或double。

7、表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent,extreme,perfect等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。

四、情态动词

1、need表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中。在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to或should代替。例如:

Need I finish the work today?--Yes,you must.

注意:needn't have done“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。例如:You needn't have waited for me.

2、“should have done”表示应该做到而实际上没有做到。例如:You should have started earlier.你应该早点开始。

3、“ought to have done”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。例如:You ought to have helped him(but you didn't)。那时你应该帮他的(但是你没有)。

4、书报的标题,小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。

5、表示感觉,愿望和状态的某些动词如have,be,hear,see,like等词一般不用进行时。

五、主动结构表被动

有些动词形式上是主动结构,但表示被动的意思。常见的有可和well,easily等副词连用的不及物动词sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook等。例如:

The cloth washes well.这布很经洗。

六、虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形

1、在动词

arrange,command,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,request,require,suggest等后面的宾语从句中用“(should)+动词原形”(虚拟语气)例如:

We suggested that we(should)have a meeting.

2、作advice,idea,order,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”。例如:We all agreed to his suggestion that we(should)go to Beijing for sightseeing.

七、+to

1、在feel,hear,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to。例如:He is often heard to sing the song.

2、不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to.例如:

-What do you like to do besides swim?

-I have no choice but to go.

八、倒装

1、主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时;而且主句一般倒装,把助动词had提到前面。例如:

Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a loud noise.

2、代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。例如:

Here it is.Here he comes.

慧518c元司西习东43af软41c3科4f78件广径升学途是网学f067b8ec有学技公限-a3f5根4758优 3、当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时也常常引起全部倒装。例如:

South of the city lies a big steel factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.

4、表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。例如:

Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.

5、部分倒装

A)用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句。例如:

Had you reviewed your lessons,you might have passed the examination.

B)用于“形容词(或名词、动词)+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。例如:

Pretty as she is,she is not clever.Try as he would,he might fail again.

C)如果从句的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词。例如:

Child as he was,he had to make a living.