代词是语法填空和改错必考的点，每年会分别考一道题。同学们一定要掌握哦!

代词，顾名思义，是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。

I.人称代词的用法

1 作主语，用主格。作宾语用宾格。She teaches us English.

2 在句中作表语，常用宾格。Who is it? It’sme.

II. 物主代词的用法

1.形容词性物主代词——只作定语：This is ourclassroom. His father is an engineer.

2.名词性物主代词

说明：

① 英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。如：

Jack took off his coat and went to bed.杰克脱掉外套就上床睡觉了。

② “of + 名词性物主代词”可用作定语。如：

Some friends of mine will attend my birthdayparty. 我的一些朋友要出席我的生日晚宴。

III. 反身代词

IV指示代词的用法

1.时空的差别 e.g. There isthis seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will youhave, this or that?

2.This 和that 在行文叙述上的差别。

I shall say this to you: he is a poor man.

He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come.

3.that和those 用于表比较的结构。

The weather of Zhanjiang is better than thatof my hometown.

TV sets made in Nanjing are better thanthose made here.

4. 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.

V不定代词的用法

1.none, no one, nothing

1)none 既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用来回答howmany /much 引导的疑问句;noone 只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句;nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。如：

—How many people are there in the room now ?

— None.

—Who is in the room ?

— No one / nobody

2)none 后面可加of 引导的介词短语，而something /anything / everything / nothing; someone / anyone / everyone / no one 却不能。

2. each 和every

1)

① each 强调“个体”，起代词和形容词作用;every 强调“全体”，只能作定语。

Eachof the tickets costs ten dollars. 这些票每张十美元。(each 作主语，ticket用复数，谓语不能用cost)

Eachticket costs ten dollars. 这些票每张十美元。(each 作形容词的作用，ticket用单数，谓语不能用cost)

② each 作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的数;

Thetickets each cost ten dollars.这些票每张十美元。(each 作同位语，ticket用复数，谓语不能用costs)

③不可用not each 来表示部分否定，而not every 表示部分否定。如：

Not everything that shines is gold. 发光的并非总是金子。

注意：①、②要注意主语的单数和复数，谓语动词是否需要单三形式。③要注意阅读理解中构造错误选项。例如：

(原文)Not every one likes the book. (并不是所有人都喜欢这本书)

(选项)No one likes the book.(所有人都不喜欢这本书)

④ each可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个，而every只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个，不能指两个中每一个。如：可以说each of myeyes, 不可说everyone of my eyse但可说everyone of my toes(脚趾) 。

⑤固定搭配，each other

2)every 还可表示“每……的;每……中的”。其中，every+ 基数词+ 复数名词=every+序数词+ 单数名词，作“每(多少)”解，但each不能用于这一结构中。

如： every threedays 每三天或每隔两天，相当于every third day。

everyyear or two 每一两年 every now and then 时常 every other day 每隔一天

Chooseone out of every ten boys. 每十个男孩中选一个。(注意boy需要用复数)

onecar to every 20 people 每20人乘一辆车

3)each通常用来指若干固定数目中的每一个，而every往往指“任何一个”

如：Each girlsitting over there is my student. “坐在那里的每一女孩子”指若干固定数目中的每一个，故用each。

Everyman must do his best. “人人都尽最大的努力”泛指任何一个人，因而用every。

3. another, other, the other, others, theothers

4. both, all, either, any,neither, none

如：

1) Ihad to buy all these books because I didn’t know which one was the best.

2)It is easy to do the repair. All you need is a hammer and some nails.

3) Iinvited Joe and Linda to dinner, but neither of them came.

4) —Which of the three ways shall take to the village ?

—Any way as you please.

5) Wehad three sets of the garden tools and we seemed to have no use for any.

5.one, ones, the one, the ones, that,those

(1)one 用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念相当于a/an+单数名词;

(2)ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，有时可用that代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。

(3)the ones 用来代替前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。

(4)that 用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the+单数/不可数名词。如：

Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present,one ( = a present ) that I have never seen.

Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents,ones ( = many presents ) that I have never seen.

The book on the desk is better than that /the one under the desk.

The books on the desk are better than those /the ones under the desk.

6.it 的用法