39.
C
Anew commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urgingantitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in tocheck those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question wasoil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants(巨头)that deal in data, the oilof the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon, Facebook andMicrosoft. All look unstoppable.
Such situations have ledto calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,Thegiants' success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without searchengines or a quick delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many ofthese services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data).And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves,too.
But there is cause for concern. The internethas made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the natureof data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users totarget advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can beturned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold toother companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power.So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.
This nature of data makesthe antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Googleinto five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of themwould become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts tobecome apparent, two ideas stand out.
The first is thatantitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21stcentury. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they havetraditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to takeinto account the extent of firms'data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals.The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buyinga new-borm threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born companyhas no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.
The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it.Govemments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data,with users' consent.
软费-得途升方学公e3d96525科优心有件网80b29ad0限4f95技东元慧司广
Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments don't wants a data oconomy by a few giants,they must act soon.
(61)Why is there a call to break up giants?
A. Theyhave controlled the data market
B. They collect enormous private data
C. They nolonger provide free services
D. They dismissed some new-born giants
(62)What does the technological innovation inParagraph 3 indicate?
A. Data giants’ technology is very expensive
B. Google’sidea is popular among data firms
C. Data can strengthen giants’ controllingposition
学网80b29ad0升方司秀元西慧法广高4a2a44f3限4f954db9公e3d96525技科fb0d-得dbdf软费f04d0f22件是途4883优心点西有3b23东 D. Data can be turned into new services or products
(63)By paying attention to firms’ data assets,antitrust regulators could .
A. kill a new threat B. avoid the sizetrap
C. favour bigger firms D. charge higher prices
(64)What is the purpose of loosening the giants’control of data?
A. Big companies could relieve data security pressure.
B.Governments could relieve their financial pressure.
C. Consumers could betterprotect their privacy.
D. Small companies could get more opportunities.
答案
(61)A (62)C (63)B (64)D
解析
(61)细节理解题。根据关键词定位到第二段第一句，Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,...由such找到第一段第一句，urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those...可知因为这些巨头控制了数据市场，人们才呼吁解散那些巨头。故而选A。
慧法径根f40f2641公e3d96525高件是4e3d9989元西技习东854c途4883秀升方习广高4a2a44f3司秀406c优心点西-得dbdf学限4f954db9软费f04d0f22网80b29ad0有3b2391a6f3145054科fb0d
(62)推理判断题。根据关键词定位到第三段最后两句，Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.可知网络公司对于数据的控制给了他们巨大的权利，它们甚至可以用上帝的眼光来看待它们的市场活动，这进一步加强了那些巨头的地位。所以选C。
(63)推理判断题。根据关键词定位到第五段前三句，The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms'data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. 可知反垄断组织以前一直是根据公司的规模来决定是否介入，而现在需要考虑那些公司的数据库的范围，所以答案选B。
(64)推理判断题。根据关键词定位到第六段可知，大公司要披露给消费者它们掌握了多少信息，政府也要根据消费者的满意度来决定。所以答案选D。
考查方向
(61)本题考查了学生细节理解能力。
(62)本题考查了学生推理判断能力。
(63)本题考查了学生推理判断能力。
(64)本题考查了学生推理判断能力。
解题思路
(61)细节理解题。确定题目关键词，在文章中找到对应部分，回到题目逐一对照。
-得dbdf网80b29ad0途4883秀量87b3技习学点科fb0d优心点西97ad309b元西慧法径根f40f2641有3b2391a6f3145054公e3d96525高费升方习3abf限4f954db9a1c4软费f04d0f22件是4e3d9989东854c广高4a2a44f3司秀406c
(62)推理判断题。确定题目关键词，在文章中找到对应部分，抓住文章主旨找突破口。(63)推理判断题。确定题目关键词，在文章中找到对应部分，结合文章主旨找突破口。
(64)推理判断题。确定题目关键词，在文章中找到对应部分，结合文章主旨找突破口。
易错点
(61)不能准确理解事实细节。
(62)不能根据细节信息准确做出推断。
(63)不能根据细节信息准确做出推断。
(64)不能根据细节信息准确做出推断。