英语句子中的谓语有的是由单个的动词组成;有的除动词外，还有助动词或情态动词。将动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前时，谓之“倒装”。本篇将谈论创造什么条件、采用哪种倒装形式的疑难问题。
一、怎样创造完全倒装的条件
“完全倒装”是指把单个的谓语动词完整地提到主语前面。此时句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
1、当句子的主语是名词，谓语是系动词be或是表示“存在”或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时，把具有“地点”意义的副词(here，there)、“时间”意义的副词(now，then)、以及能表“移动方向”的副词(in，out，down，up，away)等置于句首，即可采用“完全倒装”。如：
Once there lived a fisherman near the sea.
Now comes your turn.
件限慧司有学是途网技软4bc9-8930公科元9c99优东习升术广 Up flew the rocket.
注意：当主语是人称代词时，尽管副词在句首，主谓也不倒装。如：
Out they rushed.
2、当谓语是系动词be，以及表示“位于、存在”或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时，把具有“方位”意义的介词短语或副词短语(在句中作状语或表语)放在句首，即可采用完全倒装。如：
Among the fans is a famous singer.
From the crowds came a cheer.
East of the city lies a museum.
3、当谓语的一个部分是单个的助动词或系动词be，把另一个部分的v-ing短语、过去分词短语、不定式短语或形容词置于句首，即可把be放在主语前面而形成完全倒装。如：
Standing beside the table was his wife.
优41a4升术8487司东习慧67f7公科-8930d9006a26高习件的网限学是途广软4bc9技元9c99有 Buried in the sand was an ancient castle.
To be carefully considered are the following questions.
Present at the party were the ladies in the big city.
二、怎样创造部分倒装的条件
“部分倒装”是指把助动词或情态动词置于主语前面，此时句子的谓语是由“助动词/情态动词+实义动词”两个部分组成。
把谓语的助动词、情态动词放在主语前面，谓之部分倒装。在下列情形中出现部分倒装：
1、当句型是“主语+be/实义动词+so+形容词/副词+that从句”表示“如此……以致……”时，把“so+形容词/副词”放在句首，即可采用部分倒装。如：
So careless was the girl that she failed the exam.
So much did Helen worry about her health that she went to see the doctor three times a day.
2、使用由so，neither或nor构成的惯用句型时要采用部分倒装，表示“另一人或物也具有和前面一句提到的一样的情况”。如：
Jim asked the question. So did Lily.
I have never seen such an interesting film. Neither / Nor have the other students.
3、把句中具有“否定”意义的词语(no，not，never，neither，nor，nowhere，hardly，scarcely, seldom, little等单个副词，以及by no means，in no case/way，at no time等短语)置于句首，即可采用部分倒装。如：
Never shall I forget your advice.
4、可创造条件使下面的句子采用部分倒装：
(1)把“only+状语(从句)”和“not until+从句”置于句首，即可采用部分倒装。如：
Only when you see it using your own eyes will you believe it is true.
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Not until the child went to sleep did the mother leave the room.(2)当“not only…but also…”连接两个分句时，把not only分句置于句首，即可在该分句中采用部分倒装。如：
Not only were the children moved but the adults also showed their pity.
(3)把“no sooner…than…”句型中的no sooner置于句首，即可在no sooner主句中采用部分倒装;把“hardly/ scarcely...when…”句型中的hardly置于句首，即可在hardly, scarcely主句中采用部分倒装。如：
No sooner had I entered the house than it began to rain.
(4)当if引导从句表示虚拟语气时，把if省去，再把从句中的were，had或should放在主语前面而形成部分倒装。如：
Had we been present, such a thing would not have happened.
三、异常倒装现象
当as引导让步状语从句时，可出现下面的特殊倒装形式。
Proud as these women are，they still look very weak.(作表语的形容词提前)
Student as he is，he often works in the factory.(作表语的名词提前，同时省去不定冠词a)
Hard as she worked, she couldn't support her family.(修饰谓语动词的副词提前)
Try as he would, he might fail again.(将助动词与谓语动词分开，而谓语动词提前)