初中英语——3大词性转换汇总

2021年05月22日 浏览:

01

名词 形容词

A 名词+y

rain - rainy

cloud - cloudy

wind - windy

snow - snowy

health - healthy

luck - lucky

anger - angry

guilt - guilty

tourist - touristy

salt - salty

silk - silky

sleep - sleepy

注意:

1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加 -y。

如:sun - sunny, fun - funny, fog - foggy, fur - furry

2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加 -y。

如:noise - noisy, ice - icy, shine - shiny, taste - tasty

B 名词+ed

spot - spotted

talent - talented

organize - organized

balance - balanced

C 名词+ful

care - careful

thank - thankful

help - helpful

use - useful

meaning - meaningful

D 名词+less

care - careless

use - useless

hope - hopeless

home - homeless

E -ce改为-t

difference - different

silence - silent

confidence - confident

F 名词+ly

friend - friendly

love - lovely

live - lively

G 名词+ous

danger - dangerous

H 名词+al

music - musical

medicine - medical

I 名词+able

adjust - adjustable

value - valuable

J 名词+en

wood - wooden

wool - woolen

K 名词+ese, ish, n(国籍)

China - Chinese

Japan - Japanese

England - English

America - American

India - Indian

Australia - Australian

Canada - Canadian

02

动词 名词

A 词形不变,词性改变

work

study

water

plant

B 动词+er, or

work - worker

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teach - teacher

sing - singer

jump - jumper

play - player

learn - learner

visit - visitor

invent - inventor

collect - collector

注意:

1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r.

例如:drive - driver, write - writer等。

2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er 例如:run - runner, win - winner, begin - beginner等。

C 动词+ment

achieve - achievement

advertise - advertisement

agree - agreement

disgree - disagreement

amuse - amusement

improve - improvement

commit - commitment

develop - development

depart - department

govern - government

manage - management

equip - equipment

argue - argument

D 动词+ion/ tion/ sion

attract - attraction

instruct - instruction

invent - invention

discuss - discussion

express - expression

educate - education

graduate - graduation

operate - operation

compete - competition

organize - organization

decide - decision

conclude - conclusion

describe - description

E 动词+ance

appear - appearance

perform - performance

accept - acceptance

F 动词+ing

meet - meeting

build - building

wait - waiting

bathe - bathing

say - saying

mean - meaning

end - ending

train - training

wash - washing

注意:

以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing

如:swim - swimming, shop - shopping, begin - beginning

G 特殊情况

beg - beggar

behave - behavior

know - knowledge

fly - flight

mix - mixture

press - pressure

sit - seat

succeed - success

tour - tourist

03

动词 形容词

A 动词+able

afford-affordable

love-lovable

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B 动词+ing/ ed

加ing,表示的是事物的一个特征,可以翻译为“令人……的”;加ed,表示事物受到特定刺激后的一种感受,可以翻译为“感到……的”“受到……的”。

amaze: v. 使大为惊奇

amazing: adj. 令人惊诧的,惊人的;令人惊喜的

amazed: adj. 十分惊奇的,惊愕的

annoy: v. 烦扰,打搅,使烦恼

annoying: adj. 讨厌的,恼人的

annoyed: 生气的,烦恼的

astonish: v. 使吃惊;使惊讶

astonishing: adj. 令人惊讶的;惊人的

astonished: adj. 感到震惊的;觉得惊骇的

confuse: v. 使困惑,使糊涂;使混乱

confusing: adj. 令人困惑的

confused: adj. 感到困惑的

convince: v. 使某人信服;

convincing: adj. 令人信服的

convinced: adj. 感到信服的

delight: v. 使某人高兴;

delighting(delightful): adj. 愉快的;吸引人的;有趣的

delighted: 感到高兴的

depress: v. 使忧郁,使沮丧

depressing: adj. 令人低落(沮丧)的

depressed: 感到沮丧的

disappoint: v. 使某人失望;

disappointing: adj. 令人失望的

disappointed: adj. 感到失望的

discourage: v. 使某人泄气;

discouraging: adj. 令人泄气的;

discouraged: adj. 感到泄气的

disgust: v. 使人厌恶;

disgusting: adj. 令人厌恶的

disgusted: adj. 反感的,厌恶的,憎恶的

embarrass: v. 使人尴尬;

embarrassing: adj. 令人尴尬的

embarrassed: adj. 感到尴尬的

encourage: v. 使有勇气;

encouraging: adj. 令人鼓舞的

encouraged: adj. 感到鼓舞的

小编:小徐